Movie Review Shattered Glass - 1745 Words

Kimberly Cheng Film Review for Shattered Glass A. Introduction 1. Give the name of film, producer and the year. Craig Baumgarten, Tove Christensen, Gaye Hirsch, and Adam Merims produced Shattered Glass in 2003. 2. Why did you select this film for your review? I chose this film because I am interested in psychology and social behavior. As a student wanting to switch into a psychological and social behavior major at UC Irvine, I believe that exposing myself to how psychology may be presented in society will expand my approach and interpretation of psychology. 3. Have you seen it before? I have not seen the film before; however, I thoroughly enjoyed it as it pushed me to think more deeply into the context of the situations occurring. If so, how did a second viewing help in your understanding or enjoyment? I have not seen the film before. 4. What was the film’s purpose or thesis? Was it clear or did you have to infer it? The purpose of the film was to provoke important questions about honesty, morals, and character presented in professional journalism. Likewise, Shattered Glass displays a true story of how sociopaths are able to manipulate those around them without experiencing any feelings of remorse. The purpose of the film was not entirely well defined at first and the storyline had to be inferred. However, as the story progressed, the plot became clearer. 5. Who is the primary audience for this film? The primary audience for this film includes individuals that areShow MoreRelatedCommunication in Shattered Glass Essay1190 Words   |  5 Pagesperson’s mouth to the message the listener receives. In the movie â€Å"Shattered Glass†, a young journalist named Stephen Glass fell from his meteoric throne and into a bottomless pit of lies and disarray. He was found to have fabricated twenty-seven of his published forty-one stories at â€Å"The New Republic† for the last three years. While I watch the demise of Stephen Glass’s writing career, there was three elements of communication that Glass has used and was also used against him. The first elementRead MoreFinal Essay, Intro to Film Eng 2252743 Words   |  11 Pagesback seat to Selznick. The film chronicles the grandeur and splendor of the Old South, how it crumbles during the Civil War and the New South during reconstruction. The characters are basically simple folk living a simple life until their world is shattered by the Civil War and this devastation creates a new world, one which will require courage and resilience to survive. Selznick genius in the aspects of cinematography lighting, sound, costumes and societal impact and genre have ranked Gone withRead MoreTrial by Fire16438 Words   |  66 Pagesarson sleuths, a deputy fire marshal named Manuel Vasquez, who has since died. Short, with a paunch, Vasquez had investigated more than twelve hundred fires. Arson investigators have always been considered a special breed of detective. In the 1991 movie â€Å"Backdraft,† a heroic arson investigator says of fire, â€Å"It breathes, it eats, and it hates. The only way to beat it is to think like it. To know that this flame will spread this way across the door and up across the ceiling.† Vasquez, who had previouslyRead MoreTrial by Fire16445 Words   |  66 Pagesarson sleuths, a deputy fire marshal named Manuel Vasquez, who has since died. Short, with a paunch, Vasquez had investigated more than twelve hundred fires. Arson investigators have always been considered a special breed of detective. In the 1991 movie â€Å"Backdraft,† a heroic arson investigator says of fire, â€Å"It breathes, it eats, and it hates. The only way to beat it is to think like it. To know that this flame will spread this way across the door and up across the ceiling.† Vasquez, who had previouslyRead MoreThe Ballad of the Sad Cafe46714 Words   |  187 PagesMiss Amelia had just finished a period of work in her office. All the eight tables were occupied and from the mechanical piano came a jingling tune. In a corner near the door and sitting at a table with a child, was Henry Macy. He was drinking a glass of liquor, which was unusual for him, as liquor went easily to his head and made him cry or sing. His face was very pale and his left eye worked constantly in a nervous tic, as it was apt to do when he was agitated. He had come into the cafà © sidewiseRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pages Employee Involvement 20 How Organizations Involve Employees 20 Employee Involvement Implications for HRM 20 Other HRM Challenges 21 Recession 21 Off Shoring 21 Mergers 22 A Look at Ethics 22 Summary 23 Demonstrating Comprehension: Questions for Review 24 Key Terms 24 HRM Workshop 25 Linking Concepts to Practice: Discussion Questions 25 Developing Diagnostic and Analytical Skills 25 Case 1: Work/Life Balance at Baxter 25 Working with a Team: Understanding Diversity Issues 25 Learning an HRM Skill:Read MoreVampire Diaries61771 Words   |  248 Pagesher again. The anxiety, the fear. And the certainty that something terrible was about to happen. Maple Street was deserted. The tall Victorian houses looked strange and silent, as if they might all be empty inside, like the houses on an abandoned movie set. They looked as if they were empty of people, but full of strange watching things. That was it; something was watching her. The sky overhead was not blue but milky and opaque, like a giant bowl turned upside down. The air was stifling, and ElenaRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 Management Functions 6 †¢ Management Roles 6 †¢ Management Skills 8 †¢ Effective versus Successful Managerial Activities 8 †¢ A Review of the Manager’s Job 9 Enter Organizational Behavior 10 Complementing Intuition with Systematic Study 11 Disciplines That Contribute to the OB Field 13 Psychology 14 †¢ Social Psychology 14 †¢ Sociology 14 †¢ Anthropology 14 There Are Few Absolutes inRead MoreAn Evaluation of an on-Farm Food Safety Program for Ontario Greenhouse Vegetable Producers; a Global Blueprint for Fruit and Vegetable Producers51659 Words   |  207 Pagesnot something I had set out to do when entering my undergraduate years at the University of Guelph. I wasn t all that sure what I was destined for, but I stumbled upon a research group lead by a long-haired goalie, straight out of a Coen brothers movie, who called me dude from the first day I met him: Dr. Doug Powell. He gave me job that I was destined for: surfing the Internet all day, for a whole summer. He called this pulling news; collecting much of the raw data that would eventually formRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesundergraduates following business studies programmes) âž ¡ Students of The Chartered Institute of Marketing who are preparing for the Marketing Planning paper in the CIM’s Diploma examinations âž ¡ Marketing practitioners who will benefit from a comprehensive review of current thinking in the field of strategic marketing planning, implementation and control. Richard M S Wilson Colin Gilligan Overview of the book’s structure 1 Introduction Stage One Where are we now? Strategic and marketing analysis

Cultural Considerations For Families Affected By Idd

Cultural Considerations. It has been observed that professionals cannot offer effective support for families without understanding the systems within which the families exist and function (Enwefa, Enwefa, Jennings, 2006). Given the great importance of support systems for families affected by IDD, it is necessary to consider cultural factors which may affect such systems in either a positive or negative manner. Across cultures, people tend to have varying beliefs about disability (Kayama, 2010), which at times may function as barriers, preventing access to supports and services (Cagran et al., 2011; White, 1987). Kayama (2010) asserts that systemic change may lead to revised perceptions and beliefs among families, moving them from segregationist and negative views, toward a perspective of inclusion. Additionally, it is to be expected that interventions for families affected by IDD will need to differ from one culture to the next. This is true not only because of linguistic differences but also because of differences in cultural beliefs and values. FQOL is a construct that is perceived in ways that vary significantly from one culture to another (Anzar and Castanon, 2005). For example, Ginà ©, Vilaseca, Grà  cia, and Mora et al. (2013) developed instruments that proved to be effective for measuring FQOL among families in Spain affected by IDD and creating action plans based on them. It differs from similar instruments used in other cultures, because it is tailored to theShow MoreRelatedSociological Perspectives Of Abnormal Psychology2700 Words   |  11 Pagesa definition that is relatively more accurate for the study: The continuum between normal and abnormal behaviour. Cultural and historical relativism in defining and classifying abnormality, the advantages and limitations of diagnosis, the principle of mutual causality, the connection between time and body. Modern-day theorists understanding of abnormal psychology needs consideration of the theoretical model, origins and evolution related to abnormal behaviour. One main challenge in the study of abnormalRead MoreBangladesh Pure Food Ordinance-20058856 Words   |  36 PagesBackground of the Report Food safety legislation should be developed and updated taking into consideration specific needs of consumers and food producers, development in technology, emerging hazards, changing consumer demands and new requirements for trade, harmonization with international and regional standards, obligations under the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreements, as well as social, religious and cultural habits. The implementation of food safety legislation throughout the food chain is essentialRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesenvironment affects the way organizations and managers operate. By the end of this chapter you will understand the ways in which management thought and theory have evolved over time. You will also understand how economic, political, and cultural forces have affected the development of these theories and the ways in which managers and their organizations behave. In Figure 2.1 we summarize the chronology of the manage ment theories discussed in this chapter. Scientiï ¬ c Management Theory The evolutionRead MoreCase 29 Panera Bread Company: Rising Fortunes?25159 Words   |  101 Pagesimproved communications within and beyond their compound. Maxis international gateway services include termination of traffic into Malaysia from international telecommunications companies, supporting Maxis own outbound international direct dial (IDD) traffic, collecting international transit traffic and bandwidth leasing services. Board Of Directors Raja Tan Sri Dato’ Seri Arshad bin Raja Tun Uda Chairman / Independent Non-Executive Director Robert William Boyle Independent Non-Executive

What Does Your Body Say About Your Personality - 1049 Words

INTJ and Other (Often Useless) Labels What does your profile picture say about your personality? What does your food choice say about what you should major in? What does your favorite color say about your future spouse? I’ve seen a large amount of pointless quizzes like these on social media. While they are amusing to read, they say very little about a person’s actual personality, college major, or spouse. However, they are surprisingly popular among this present culture, as are personality tests, books on how to be what you want to be, and other media that can explain to a person who he or she is. This therefore leads me to believe that our culture likes to hear what other people think about them. This often leads people into acting more like how other people see them or want to see them- people put labels on themselves. I recently spent a great deal of time learning about personality types and how they make me feel. By trying to fit into a personality category that Ià ¢â‚¬â„¢m not and realizing the dangers of falsely labelling myself, I’ve realized that individuals themselves are the best definers of their own self and personality, but they often shy away from finding out who they truly are by too-easily labeling themselves with peer and media-generated stereotypes. First, I will share my personal experience of how I falsely labeled myself. At the beginning of a course I am in, all the students were asked to take a personality test based on the Myers-Briggs Theory. I took oneShow MoreRelatedJohn Hick argues that human beings are psychophysical persons938 Words   |  4 Pagesa divine act of recreation. How does he defend this position? Do you agree with Hick? Why or why not? Please provide reasons to support your claim. John Hick believes psychophysical re-creation and parapsychology is evidence for life after death. He says the soul cannot be destroyed, unlike the body. Hicks believe man is not an immortal soul attached to a predetermined body, but man is a mortal with a psychophysical life that has to rely on God. To explain what Hicks means, he uses John SmithRead MoreMind Body Soul940 Words   |  4 Pagesexpressed their views on the topics of the mind soul and the after life. These are very complex areas of science and have their own ideas of what the mind and soul are and what there purposes are. Russell discussed the finality of Death. He argues that there cannot be life after death and that after the destruction of our bodys that our memories and personality are destroyed as well. He discusses the importance of fear when dealing with death. He states that this is the strongest emotion and heRead MoreThe Concept Of Personal Identity1183 Words   |  5 Pagesa different definition and a different idea of what identity is. When one talks about personal identity they are usually talking about how they identify themselves and how they feel as a person. Madan Sarup (1996) talks about identity by using the example of a passport. A passport may include a photograph of the person as well as other details including nationality, a persons full name and date-of-birth. While a passport is a form of identity it does not express who you are as a person. It â€Å"showsRead MoreThe Process of the Advancement of the Human Soul Towards its Perfection in Ramayana and the Mahabharata1563 W ords   |  7 Pagesin Ramayana and the Mahabharata The whole of the Ramayana is an Epic of humanity. Humanity does not mean mankind but that which particularly human nature. It is in this sense, Sri Rama is oftentimes called the paragon of humanity, an example of the perfection of human nature. This perfection is not inclusive of the foibles of man in his lower endowments. That majestic feature of bodily personality, the ideal perfection of physiological structure, the beauty of understanding, dignity of behaviorRead MoreThe Lasting Effects of First Impressions Essay587 Words   |  3 Pagesimpression is a lasting impression. When judging someone based on their looks or first impression, many times personality can change someone’s opinion. People judge automatically, within the first three seconds of a new encounter, even if it is just a glance. People review your visual and behavioral appearance from head to toe. They observe your demeanor, appearance, body language and even assess your grooming and accessories—purse, watch, clothing. Once the first impression is made it is virtually unchangeableRead MoreThe Spirit and Personality of Man Essay949 Words   |  4 PagesThe Spirit and Personality of Man In your opinion, how is the spirit and personality linked? Where does the idea of a spirit fit within your own theory of personality? What is the spirit of a man? Where did our personalities come from? What influences our personality? We know that our environment which includes our family, culture and communities’ influence us but what is behind our personalities? Should we think of the self as a complex chemical substance or as a spirit? We find ourselvesRead MoreDo Clothes Make the Man? Essay621 Words   |  3 Pagesthe man? We have always been told that its what`s inside that counts, and the clothes don’t make the man , I totally agree with this statement. In today`s world media influence people a lot about their body image, men constantly feel to have a muscular body, and wear new brand clothes. Moreover they encounter muscular and well dressed and modish men as example of their ideal body image. Even women see skinny models with fashionable clothes, makeup, jeweler onRead MoreThe Problem Of True Happiness1696 Words   |  7 PagesTrue happiness is defined by, having a sense of deep inner well-being, how you fell about a certain situation and experiencing true happiness is a great thing. The reason why true happiness is important in the world of today is because, without true happiness the world would, come unraveled and more crimes and the government might go into a crazy binge where there is no control over what is said, or down on any issue that is put in front of the govern ment like, immigration reform, to make changesRead MoreEssay on Personal Identity1742 Words   |  7 PagesTo understand Locke’s concept of personal identity it is necessary to understand what he means by identity and what he means specifically by personal identity. Locke states there are three substances that we have ideas of and that have identities. He defines idea in Essay concerning Human Understanding as â€Å"whatsoever is the object of the understanding when a man thinks† (Essay, chapter 1, section 8). That is to say that an idea, to Locke, is the basic unit of human thought. Identity is based offRead MoreDescriptive Essay About Your Name989 Words   |  4 Pagesteenage, slice of life, romance with supernatural/sci-fi elements. In Your Name, a teenage boy and girl begin mysteriously swapping bodies at random. They end up using this power to help each other, leaving messages on each others bodies Memento style to communicate. The girl has confidence issues b ut the guy finds it easy to be confident in her body. The boy cant talk to girls (well one girl) but the girl finds this easy in his body. Its an interesting idea that gets dropped 30 minutes in for a weirdly

The American Cities During The Colonial Era - 2048 Words

Large amounts of people came from all over the world to the American cities during the colonial era. One of the main reasons why people migrated was because they were seeking religious freedom and better economic opportunity. In the American cities, there were more resources available to the people such as information that could be easily accessed, better paying jobs, high quality food supply, and transportation was provided and sometimes since the factories were located within the cities you didn’t require a car like you would in the rural areas. In the beginning of America’s industrial revolution, factories needed skilled workers. Most of the immigrants settled in New York, Chicago, and other places that contained their own people. Within these ethnic communities they tried to maintain their cultural customs from the country they were originally from. They could speak their own language, practice their religion, and continue traditions. Jews fled from Russia to preven t from getting prosecuted in their homeland. The British immigrants were the people who occupied these skills due to working in Britain in factories for such small amounts of pay. Europeans were having a hard time finding jobs at home, so they were not leaving Europe because they desired to, but because they had to in order to survive. Hundreds of people were suffering from hunger in their homeland and America was the way out of that distress. These immigrants had no skills, unfortunately, although they wereShow MoreRelatedStatus of Women in Colonial Society1243 Words   |  5 PagesMariama Bessane Professor Perine James American History 1151- Essay #1 Jan 7th,2016 Status of Women in Colonial Society Women were always considered inferior to men since day one. That belief had been existing until the eighteen century. During that period, English Colonists brought to America their ideologies with them. Women did not have the same rights as men did during that time. Women were tied in a leash, kept in the dark, and controlled by society. Life wasn’t easy for them. They wereRead MoreOpen Veins Of Latin America By Eduardo Galeano1734 Words   |  7 Pages Many books have discussed the history of Latin America and the influence that European powers had on the Americas. One of the many books written that has discussed the various aspects of Latin American history is the book, Open Veins of Latin America written by Eduardo Galeano. In his book, Eduardo Galeano reviewed the influences that European powers had in Latin America. The majority of the book focused on the ways in which countries in Latin America were exploited throughout their history. TheRead MoreThe Legal System Of Colonial Virginia1645 Words   |  7 PagesThe intent and implementation of the legal system of colonial Virginia has garnered considerable debate within early-American historiography. At the center of this discussion is the question of when colonial authorities first introduced English common law, and to what extent justices followed it prior to 1660. Beginning in the early twentieth century, and in each generation thereafter, this examination started anew as archival research uncovered new documents pertaining to Virginia’s early legalRead MoreThe American Revolution : Popular Culture Essay1354 Words   |  6 PagesJocelyn Lopez Professor Scott Keys History 111 December 14, 2016 The American Revolution: Popular culture One of the most critical components that helped define the American Revolution was the convergence of political and economic rights into one setting. The American Revolution was a political uprising that took place between the years of 1765 and 1783. It was at this time that thirteen colonies rejected the British monarchy and aristocracy, overthrowing the authority of Great Britain in orderRead MoreThe Revolution Of The New World Essay1670 Words   |  7 Pages From the vast uncharted lands of the New World to the innovations of the antebellum period onto the Civil War, a multitude of opportunities swelled as time progressed for various ethnicities during the time periods of America. During the colonial period, new land, resources and revolutionizing means of trading expanded potential for the Europeans. The revolutionary period offered a new meaning to opportunity to a different gender and race as many sought for the same rights and prospects as grantedRead MoreWhy Did The Industr ial Revolution Begin?1535 Words   |  7 Pagesmass-produced goods to be possible? Last reason the British had a relatively high urbanization rate. The high urbanization rate was important in the early development of British railways. 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Then came during the time of America’s early economy where they had the issue of taxation without representation,Read MoreThe Invention Of The Printing Press1633 Words   |  7 PagesHistorian David Ramsay stated, In establishing American independence†¦ the pen and the press had merit equal to that of the sword (Slaughter 9). When historians analyze the past they often use primary sources such as printed media, journals, letters and various notarized documents. Printed documents are a timeless form of communication with an immeasurable influenced, capable of reaching masses. How has print evolve into this powerful tool of influence and communication in America? To answer theRead MoreThe Golden Age Of Piracy1380 Words   |  6 Pagesnefarious hideouts, and adventure at every turn of their lives; but that’s Hollywood. During the Golden Age of Piracy, about 1550 to 1730, pirates did traverse the Atlantic almost complet ely unchallenged; producing some of the most notorious pirates and privateers the world had ever seen. But not all of these pirates were outlaws, most were actually legal. And their hideouts weren’t really hideouts at all; just cities that were afraid of the Spanish and thought the pirates could protect them. And adventureRead MoreThe Legal System Of Colonial Virginia1450 Words   |  6 PagesThe intent and implementation of the legal system of colonial Virginia has garnered considerable debate within early-American historiography. At the center of this discussion is the question of when colonial authorities first introduced English common law, and to what extent justices followed it prior to 1660. The relatively limited amount of surviving primary sources has maintained this debate. Beginning in the early twentieth century, and in each generation thereafter, this examination started

Kant and the Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics Free Essays

According to Kant metaphysics is the â€Å"occupation of reason with itself†. In more concrete terms, it is the mind making logical connections between a priori concepts and coming to an objective truth thereby, without reference to experience.[1] The question posed by him in the Prolegomena is whether such an objective truth is at all possible. We will write a custom essay sample on Kant and the Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics or any similar topic only for you Order Now The conclusion derived in the end is that there is indeed such an objective truth, which is effected through pure reason. But equally important in the assertion is that such metaphysics is beyond human understanding. The title â€Å"Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics† suggests that Kant does indeed anticipate an irrefutable metaphysics to be in the grasp of men in the future, but he never makes such a claim in the text itself. The thing that Kant aimed for was clarity in the field of metaphysical endeavor, and this is the ‘future metaphysics’. ‘Future’ can be interpreted in two ways here. First in the sense already suggested, so that metaphysical thinking is founded on a scientific basis, in which the terms and strategies it employs are well defined. But it can also be hinting at transcendental possibility, that by which all contradictions are resolved through â€Å"pure reason†. Scientific clarity is the aim, and thus Kant justifies the labor involved in Critique Of Pure Reason (1781), of which the Prolegomena was a sequel meant to make more accessible. He is at pains to point out that there is a moral obligation involved here. People cannot surrender themselves to unreason, because reason is the very make-up of the human, so postulates Kant. The suggestion that reason be abandoned was made by David Hume, who had spelt out a comprehensive theory of empirical skepticism. All our knowledge is through sense perceptions, therefore are entirely subjective, and cannot be tied into an absolute whole through the application of reason. It is merely by the means of custom that we acquire a coherent worldview, he maintained.[2] Kant saw this as a capitulation to unreason. It was not just Hume’s personal viewpoint that mattered. It was indeed a wider crisis in metaphysics that he was addressing. When Newton’s physics could not be subsumed under any metaphysics, this engendered an intellectual confusion, and Hume’s solution was that metaphysics be abandoned as impossible. Kant enjoined that it is impossible to abandon metaphysics, for man reasons by necessity. Instead of finality we must aim for metaphysical clarity, and this is absolutely contingent upon us, indeed a moral obligation. He made what seem to be boastful claims about the crucial importance of the Critique in the history of metaphysics, but a closer examination will show that it is not from conceit, but rather from moral outrage. The true nature of metaphysics is laid out with scientific clarity in the Critique and the Prolegomena, and this is the essence that Kant wants to convey, not the final outcome. He takes Hume to task in the very opening of the Critique:  Although all our knowledge begins with experience, it does not follow that it arises entirely from experience. For it is quite possible that our empirical knowledge is a compound of that which we receive through impressions and that which our own faculty of knowing (incited by impressions) supplies from itself.[3] When considering sensual perception he first makes the distinction between a priori and a posteriori, the first suggesting an innate facility of the mind, and the second is a facility borne after the event. The second distinction is between analytical and synthetic propositions. In an analytic proposition the predicate is contained within the subject, such as â€Å"the flamingo is a bird†. In a synthetic proposition the predicate adds something new to the subject, such as â€Å"the flamingo is pink†. The pinkness is not in the definition of flamingo, but rather has to be got from observation, and therefore it is also a posteriori. Synthetic a posteriori propositions are employed in the field of natural science. On the other hand all mathematical truths are innate, i.e. we ascertain their truth before sensory perception. They are also synthetic: when we say â€Å"3+4=7†, then ‘7’ is a new concept, not contained in either ‘3’ of ‘4’. Mathematics holds the key to metaphysics, according to Kant. It demonstrates that synthetic a priori propositions are possible, which is contrary to normal expectation. We feel that whatever is innate is necessarily analytical. We are what we are, separated from the objective natural world beyond us. Against this instinctive point of view, Kant contended that we are not passive observers of an external world separated from us, but that with our innate faculties we â€Å"synthesize† our own subjective reality. The first stage of this synthesis is when we intuit objects in our perception. â€Å"Things in themselves† can never appear to us; we only have subjective sensory data to work with. It is a meaningless jumble of light, sound, touch, taste and smell, but then our faculty of sensibility intervenes and creates order out of this chaos. This faculty is synthetic a priori, and makes use of pure intuitions. Space is one such pure intuition. Newton had maintained that space is an external, absolute and inviolable reality. Kant counters that, no, space is pure intuition. Time is another such. Through the faculties of sensibility we come to make a judgment of perception. Thus far it is an entirely subjective viewpoint, with no objective framework to relate to that would link our views with those of others. This is the function of our judgment of experience. It too is synthetic a priori, and links the objects of perception into a rational order that facilitates understanding. This is done through pure concepts of understanding, and causation is one of them. Through this faculty we know that one event is cause to another, and thus wise we have come across Hume’s impasse, where he could find no rational construct that could link a effect to a cause when confined to empirical sense data.[4] â€Å"Cause and effect† is thus a concept of human understanding. Such understanding is composed of components that are a priori and synthetic, and it is meant to make the world intelligible to us. Just because the world is made intelligible, it does not imply that we do not meet contradiction. When we think we do so discursively, i.e. we think by making propositions in terms of subjects and predicates. But each subject we introduce is the predicate of another subject in an infinite chain. Because the absolute subject is beyond our grasp, discursive reason naturally leads to fallacies. In fact each truthful proposition will be found to have an equally valid refutation, which together are described as pairs of antimonies. Kant cites four cosmological antimonies, one of which places infinite space against a limited one. He goes on to show that there is no contradiction in essence. As originating in the judgment of perception space does indeed have a beginning. But as regards human understanding space is necessarily infinite. The conflict arises from metaphysics failing to distinguish the noumenal (thing in itself) from the phenomenal (as appears to human understanding). Thus far does metaphysics gain clarity, but not finality. The human mind cannot help ponder on the questions of metaphysics, but it must come to terms with the fact that it is ‘bounded’. Human understanding is meant to make the outer world intelligible, and thus proves inadequate when the focus is redirected to the inner essence of the mind, which is the object that metaphysics must study. But the overriding lesson of metaphysics is that pure reason subsumes all. One must not despair of human reason, for one must know that it originates in pure reason and is overcome by it in the end. Subservience to pure reason is indeed a moral obligation. Other than clarity in metaphysics, which is not suitable for all, Kant advanced his categorical imperative: â€Å"I ought never to act except in such a way that I could also will that my maxim should become a universal law.†[5] We cannot help noticing that this is only a rewording of the golden rule of Christianity: â€Å"Do unto others as you would they should do unto you.†[6] Thus through clarity in metaphysics Kant can be said to have arrived at religious doctrine too. References Hume, David. An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. Ed. Eric Steinberg. Boston: Hackett Publishing, 1993. Jeffrey, David L. A Dictionary of Biblical Tradition in English Literature.  Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1992. Kant, Immanuel. Critique of Pure Reason. Trans. Werner S. Pluhar. Ed. Eric Watkins. Boston: Hackett Publishing Company, 1999. Kant, Immanuel. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Ed. Mary Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Kant, Immanuel. Kant’s Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics. Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing, 2005. [1] Immanuel Kant, Kant’s Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics, Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing, 2005, p. 92. [2] David Hume, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, Ed. Eric Steinberg, Boston: Hackett Publishing, 1993, p. 29. [3] Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason. Trans. Werner S. Pluhar, Ed. Eric Watkins, Boston: Hackett Publishing Company, 1999, p. 1. [4] Hume, Enquiry, p. 49. [5] Immanuel Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Ed. Mary Gregor, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998, p. 16. [6] David L. Jeffrey, A Dictionary of Biblical Tradition in English Literature,  Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1992, p. 314. How to cite Kant and the Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics, Essay examples

Job Costing And Process Costing Accounting Essay Example For Students

Job Costing And Process Costing Accounting Essay The chief aim of fabrication houses is to do net income. The net income on each merchandise sold is the difference between the merchandising monetary value of the merchandise and the entire cost of doing the merchandise. Cost therefore plays an of import function in the merchandise design procedure. To cipher the cost that incurred on the merchandise we use different Costing Techniques. Costing is non an easy undertaking because in the procedure of fabricating a merchandise many indirect stuffs and labor are used. To place these costs we use different bing techniques. Here we are traveling to discourse two methods of bing Job Costing and Process Costing. Job Costing is to cipher the costs involved of a concern in fabricating goods. These costs are recorded in leger histories throughout the twelvemonth and are so shown in the concluding test balance before the preparing of the fabrication statement. In a occupation bing system, costs are accumulated by occupation. Direct stuff and direct labour are easy tracked on a merchandise. In occupation costing we keep tracking these costs at their original value till the occupation is completed. Overhead is applied after the occupation is done. It is applied either by utilizing a rate based on direct labour hours or by utilizing an Activity Based Costing ( ABC ) cost driver. In either instance, one time overhead is added, the entire cost for the occupation can be determined. Upon completion, the costs are transferred out of Work in Process to Finished Goods ( Cost of Goods Sold for service industries ) Examples are shoe manufacturing- requires different specification garment manufacturing- orders differs significantly vehicle fix shops- each fix requires different parts replacing and labour hours Procedure costing is a method that hints and accumulates direct costs, and allocates indirect costs of a fabrication procedure. Costss are assigned to merchandises, normally in a big batch, which might include an full month s production. At last, costs have to be allocated to single units of merchandise. It assigns mean costs to each unit, and is the opposite extreme of Job bing which attempts to mensurate single costs of production of each unit. Procedure costing is a type of operation bing which is used to determine the cost of a merchandise at each procedure or phase of industry. It can be defined bing as The costing method applicable where goods or services result from a sequence of uninterrupted or insistent operations or procedures. Costss are averaged over the units produced during the period . Process costing is suited for industries bring forthing homogenous merchandises and where production is a uninterrupted flow. A procedure can be referred to as the sub-unit of an organisation specifically defined for cost aggregation intent. Examples are Car assembly line-all autos coming out are indistinguishable Electronic assembly line where all merchandises is indistinguishable Biscuit fabrication though has more than one merchandise line, each line is a separate, uninterrupted procedure bring forthing indistinguishable merchandises. The differences between occupation order bing and procedure bing arise from two assorted grounds. The first is that the flow of units in a procedure bing system is more or less uninterrupted, and the 2nd is that these units are identical from one another. Under procedure bing it makes no sense to seek to place stuffs, labour, and overhead costs with a peculiar order from a client ( as we do with occupation order bing ) , since each order is merely one of many that are filled from a uninterrupted flow of virtually indistinguishable units from the production line. Under procedure costing, we accumulate costs by section instead than by order, assign these costs uniformly to all units that pass through the section during a period. .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee , .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .postImageUrl , .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee , .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee:hover , .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee:visited , .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee:active { border:0!important; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee:active , .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: PRIMARY SOCIALIZATION THEORY (742 words) EssayA farther difference between the two bing systems is that the occupation cost sheet is non used in procedure costing, since the focal point ofA a procedure costing is on sections. Alternatively of utilizing occupation cost sheet a production study is prepared for each section in which work is done on merchandises. The production study serves several maps. It provides a sum-up of figure of units traveling through a section during a period, and it besides provides a calculation of unit costs. In add-on it shows what costs were charged to the section and what temperament was made on these costs. The section production study is a c ardinal papers in a procedure bing system. Job Order Costing Jobs are different in nature. Every occupation has different production demands and many occupations can be processed at the same clip. Costss are occured by every single different occupation. Job cost sheet is the papers, which shows from where the costs have come on the occupation. Unit of measurement costs are computed by occupation on the occupation cost sheet. Procedure Costing A solo merchandise is produced on a regular basis or for a long period of clip. All units of merchandise are same. Costss are accumulated on the merchandise by all the sections. The section production study is the papers, which shows from which section costs have come and how much. Unit of measurement costs are calculated by section on the section production study. Decision: Both bing techniques have their ain advantages and disadvantages. In occupation costing, costs are accumulated by occupation whereas in procedure bing it is done by a procedure. Job costing is cardinal to managerial accounting. Procedure costing is used when merchandises are more homogenous, whereas occupation costing can be done on heterogenous merchandises every bit good.