Critical review of John Mearsheimer's The Tragedy of Great Power Essay

Basic audit of John Mearsheimer's The Tragedy of Great Power - Essay Example Synopsis: Mearsheimer began the book with an emphasis in all out attack mode sensible hypothesis that essentially underscores that the worldwide political situation is significantly anarchic. Various countries have built up a dread against each other in their race of intensity and self-governance. Mearsheimer attests that all nations are fundamentally endeavoring hard to turn into a hegemon for the basic explanation that they feel this would make them secure. All the national and global exercises of states spin around one strong point for example to accomplish increasingly more control and control over the world and its assets when contrasted with others in the opposition. All nations are remembered for the opposition of security. Military capacities of a country assume an unequivocal job in deciding its capacity, status and worldwide picture. In the event that a country needs to upgrade its quality, one thing that it needs to concentrate on and improve is its military. The military empowers a country to win fights. Land power is basic so as to achieve every other type of intensity. Inert force that covers the money related quality, monetary security, populace, proficiency rate and high insight is optional to the real influence, however the previous is critical to produce the last mentioned. There are a few countries that are as of now furnished with atomic force, yet not many to none of them really plan to ever utilize that power. Their unwillingness towards the utilization of their atomic force is an away from of the way that land power is in reality, the central indication of intensity. Truth be told, a similar unwillingness towards utilizing atomic force showed by the atomic forces of the contemporary age is in itself a reason for steadiness among singular countries. Hostile authenticity in a general sense rotates around the origination that extraordinary forces will in general post for opportunities to overwhelm their enemies and their definitive objective is authority. This is inverse to the belief system of guarded authenticity that urges the states to take important measures in order to guarantee their wellbeing and security. In such a philosophy, a definitive theme isn't power, and henceforth the universal relations are not as inclined to clashes as they are on account of hostile authenticity. Mearsheimer accepts that no state is inherently egotistical or forceful. In reality, animosity is a misleadingly procured trademark that is esteemed essential to make due in an unsure worldwide condition, modifying power circulation and deficient military help. Mearsheimer has not recently offered expressions about hostile authenticity, he has really tried and defended it in his book. So as to approve the hostile authenticity, Mearsheimer has stressed that so as to make due through the time as a country, it is basic that individuals pick pioneers since they battle to make a country solid and incredible. He has affirmed his own case with cle ar accentuation on cases from the history. Mearsheimer has accomplished this by breaking down issues concerning a few inquiries. He has checked if there was an immediate connection between a nation’s force and animosity in its worldwide collaborations. He has made a decision about the components that decide a nation’s reaction to the hostility it is offered by outer organizations. He has additionally examined the variety in the usefulness and propensity of bipolar and multipolar

Organizational behavior of Griswold Industries †Free Samples

Question: Talk about the Organizational conduct of Griswold Industries. Answer: New Ideas for the Success of Griswold Industries As per how I have gain my insight in business association conduct, am composing this notice to indentify some of progress that will help for the advancement of Griswold enterprises .Improving the exhibition of Griswold Industry requires distinctive authoritative morals that ought to get considered to consummate the proceeding with enthusiasm to the organizations that manage the provisions of offering the administrative supplies to the aircrafts. The issues that get tended to in the notice include the information that I have picked up from the course of hierarchical conduct. Improving the exhibition of Griswold Industry is simple if an individual comprehends the necessary hierarchical activities in a specific association. To explain the circumstance of the improvement, I will unequivocally talk about the new and one of a kind thoughts that will cultivate the advancement of the corporate reports both on the misfortune and furthermore on the security infringement of the association. The new thoughts will, accordingly, support the new individuals who have bought the organization to reflect how the association profitability is remarkable. You requested that I take a gander at the new thoughts that will upgrade the presentation in Griswold Industry as per my insight that I have picked up in the authoritative conduct course. You likewise mentioned me that you expect clear and exact thoughts that enormously affect the association efficiency and furthermore best and intriguing thoughts regarding the ways on the best way to improve the profitability of security records. Be that as it may, we have to consider different estimates which will have an effect on the association efficiency to intrigue the new buyers of the organization, there are likewise different practices that should be utilized to improve the corporate reports both on time misfortune and wellbeing infringement. The basic role of composing this notice is to definitely talk about the best authoritative practices that are suitable to the venture to cultivate improvement and furthermore to clarify the new thoughts that are important to improve the corporate reports both on the planning issue and furthermore the wellbeing infringement of the organization. Another chief reason for existing is to likewise discuss the splendid thoughts that will force the new buyers of the undertaking in regards to the authoritative execution and the security of the companys record. The accompanying new thoughts are some of thoughts that I picked up from examining the association conduct that I will propose to Griswold Industry that will guarantee its prosperity. Limit Production Cost ,one of the new thought that will be increasingly successful is attempt to limit the expense of creation .To accomplish my questioned reason for the notice, I feature different ways that can improve the exhibition of Griswold Industries. The administrator of the association must apply some unique hierarchical practices like boosting the profitability of laborers in the design business by limiting the work costs. Second, the association manager ought to rouse and fulfill representatives at a significant level by giving them annuity and recompenses. The administrator of an association ought to likewise guarantee that learning and advancement of the organization are extraordinarily encouraged by this the association should ensure that representative responsibility and authoritative citizenship conduct gets significantly watched. The director ought to likewise be equipped for sharing the intensity of the administration to the 200 and fifty workers of the organizatio n by deciding if it ought to get shared and how it ought to get shared. Improving Managerial Skills, administrative abilities is a principal angle in the administration of Griswold Industry; this can be accomplished via preparing the administration so as to have appropriate aptitude of running the association. Strategies for improving hierarchical efficiency that I have expressed are of extraordinary enthusiasm to the directors. The manner by which I have unmistakably expressed the thoughts of improving execution recommends the administrative perspective and a great part of the authoritative practices that apply to the organization. For example, over the span of hierarchical conduct, the speculations, research discoveries and ideas that are featured by the authoritative activity specialists are extremely gainful to the supervisors, the workers and network associations. The field of authoritative practices is helpful not exclusively to chiefs yet additionally to everyone Job of administrator, the job of supervisors in the organization is likewise relevant to the improving the authoritative profitability. In any case, I can say that what huge job is the chief playing to improve the profitability of the organization? To improve the elements of the supervisor I can say that there are three general classifications of the job of the directors that cultivates the efficiency of the association. To begin with, there is a job kind of relational the capacities under this classification incorporate pioneer, the nonentity of the organization and contact. Second, there is the instructive part class which manages observing, the representative of the organization and the disseminator of the undertaking. Third, there is the decisional job classification which the positions include that the director is the business visionary, the moderator and aggravation handler of a specific organization. A director who assumes all the expressed jobs will never neglect to improve t he profitability of the venture. Association Culture and Structure, Organizational structure and culture is likewise basic in improving the presentation of the association, under corporate reports and furthermore under authoritative profitability through the security record. The key new thoughts that can improve the corporate reports and furthermore on time misfortune and security infringement incorporate the formalization of the organization that is the composed archives, for example, the approaches, rules and guidelines, methods that the organization use recorded as a hard copy the corporate reports and the sets of expectations. Second is the specialization of the association which include the measure to which the undertakings in the gathering are partitioned into various assignments. Pecking order of working in the organization, the descending coordination of work is basic to the organization, Griswold Industry ought to likewise think about the chain of importance of the organization. Authority of the organization alludes to who produces reports and to who are the reports oppressed and the length of command over the created reports. Centralization of the organization likewise matters where the pecking order level of the undertaking is additionally offered position to settle on choices on either the exhibition of the business or the efficiency of the association. Polished skill and faculty proportions are likewise made a difference to the hierarchical structures in light of the fact that the degree of formal instruction and the preparation given to the 200 and fifty representatives matters a great deal to the efficiency of the organization. Relevant Dimensions of the Company, it is another good thought in improving our industry, Contextual elements of the association matter a great deal for the profitability and execution of the endeavor. Relevant perspectives include the size of Griswold Industry; the hierarchical innovation that is utilized in Griswold Industry likewise relies upon the profitability and the presentation. The authoritative condition and the way of life of the association are likewise abstract that will decide the profitability of the organization. Griswold Industry needs to improve the effect of the corporate reports and wellbeing infringement by defining authoritative objectives and procedures that will keep up the best profitability of the organization. Improvement of human conduct, this another thought that can improve the hierarchical profitability includes the control given to the human practices which incorporate the documents the executives, generic quality, skill and vocations. The records involve Griswold industry courses of action for monitoring standard, the track of standard must be alluded in settling on the correct choices under the activities that are going to be taken. Choices are made by including the workers who are in the chain of command in settling on the choices. The standards and guidelines that are figured in the organization are required to be rounded out in different duplicates and held in records. The records of how rules have been practical guarantee unwavering quality. Support of the information gives exactness and unwavering quality of association profitability and facilitates the presentation of the association. Improvement of Human relations, this is another good thought that will likewise guarantee improvement of our industry HR connection is additionally matter to the hierarchical structures in light of the fact that the power of legitimate instruction and the fitting preparing programs given to the 200 and fifty workers matter a great deal to the yield of the organization. Authoritative innovation is likewise a level of measure on how the organization delivers its profitability. End These are new and good thoughts that will guarantee the achievement of the Griswold Industry, I have expressly clarified about the information on authoritative practices about the plans to use to improve the exhibition of an association. I trust the conversation is amazing and in the event of any data or question that you despite everything need to know, it would be ideal if you let me know. Along these lines if these thoughts are set up Griswold industry will improve and expand the efficiency. References Langton, N., Robbins, S. (2015). Hierarchical conduct: Concepts, contentions, applications (7 to Canadian ed.). Toronto, ON, Canada: Pearson Education Center Robbins, S., Judge, T. (2017). Basics of hierarchical conduct (first ed.). Buchanan, D., Huczynski, A. Hierarchical conduct. French, R., Rayner, C., Rees, G., Rumbles, S. (2015). Hierarchical conduct. Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley Sons, Inc. Hitt, M., Miller, C., Colella, A. (2011). Hierarchical conduct. Chichester: Wiley. Kreitner, R., Kinicki, A., Buelens, M. (2002). Hierarchical conduct. Maide

In the instructions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

In the guidelines - Essay Example The source has given data in the utilization of good composing abilities in both manual and online distributions. It has featured the contrasts between the two fields while demonstrating methods of improving the composing aptitudes. As a rule, online sources don't appear to concentrate much on the composing abilities and vocabularies when contrasted with books. It has accentuated on understanding the crowd and distributing segment before participating recorded as a hard copy aptitudes. The source will help in the exploration as it gives models on web sources and crowds with different understanding exercises. The book’s point gives an unmistakable methodology on different approaches to improve composing abilities in understudies. The primary talked about standards incorporate the pre-composing, drafting, altering, amending, and distributing. The technique has been uncovered in the sections to guarantee starters have a thought of immaculate composing abilities. The book has additionally offered tips and models in each stage; consequently, a careful appreciation of the standards. The book centers around the key territories behind improving the creative cycle that rely upon different intellectual aptitudes, which will is of generous worry for the exploration subject. For instance, the information, appreciation, application, and the investigation perception abilities will assume a huge job in the exploration procedure. The distribution has suggested different standards recorded as a hard copy English as a language. It has concentrated on one method of correspondence at that point gave nitty gritty data in grasping and composing the picked language. It has begun with understanding word request and the various articulations utilized in writing. The parts have given models where long sentences have been separated to perceive the word request and utilization of syllables. The book has likewise given information on the utilization of vocabularies at the proper stage in the sentences.

German Keyboards

German Keyboards QWERTZ versus QWERTY Isnt the Only Problem! The theme is PC consoles and digital bistros abroad particularly in Austria, Germany, or Switzerland. We as of late came back from a little while in Austria and Germany. Just because, we had a chance to utilize PCs there-not my own PC, yet PCs both in Internet orâ cyber cafesâ and at the home of companions. We have since a long time ago realized that outside consoles are not quite the same as the North American assortment, yet on this tripâ we likewise discovered that knowing and utilizing are two unique things. We utilized the two Macs and PCs in the United Kingdom, Austria, and Germany. It was a fairly befuddling involvement with times. Recognizable keys were mysteriously gone or situated in an altogether new spot on the console. Indeed, even in the U.K. We found reality with regards to the George Bernard Shawâ adage that England and America are two nations isolated by a similar language. Once-recognizable letters and images were currently outsiders. New keys showed up where they ought not be. In any case, that was simply in Great Britain. Lets focus on the German-language console (or really its two assortments). A Germanâ keyboardâ has a QWERTZ format, i.e., the Y and Z keys are switched in examination with the U.S.- English QWERTY design. Notwithstanding the ordinary letters of the English letter set, German consoles include the three umlauted vowels and the sharp-s characters of the German letter set. The ess-tsett (Ãÿ) key is to one side of the 0 (zero) key. (In any case, this letter is absent on a Swiss-German console, since the Ãÿ isn't utilized in the Swiss variety of German.) The u-umlaut (à ¼) key is found just to one side of the P key. The o-umlaut (à ¶) and an umlaut () keys are on the privilege of the L key. This implies, obviously, that the images or letters that an American is accustomed to finding where the umlauted letters are presently, turn up elsewhere. A touch-typist is beginning to go crazy now, and even a chase and-peck individual is getting a cerebral pain. Furthermore, exactly where the hell is that key? Email happens to rely upon it rather intensely, however on the German console, not exclusively is it NOT at the highest point of the 2 key, it appears to have disappeared completely!- Which is entirely odd thinking about that the at sign even has a name in German:â der Klammeraffe(lit., cut/section monkey). My German companions quietly told me the best way to type - and it wasnt lovely. You need to press the Alt Gr key in addition to Q to make show up in your report or email address. On most European-language consoles, the correct Alt key, which is simply to one side of the space bar and not quite the same as the standard Alt key on the left side, goes about as a Compose key, making it conceivable to enter numerous non-ASCII characters. That was on a PC. For the Macs at the Cafe Stein in Vienna (Whringerstr. 6-8, Tel. 43 1 319 7241), they had printed out the somewhat unpredictable recipe for composing and stuck it before every PC. This eases back you down for some time, however it before long gets typical and life goes on. Obviously, for Europeans utilizing a North American console, the issues are turned around, and they should become acclimated to the peculiar U.S. English setup. Presently for a portion of those PC expressions in German-terms that you will rarely discover in most German-English word references. In spite of the fact that PC phrasing in German is frequently universal (der Computer, der Monitor, bite the dust Diskette), different words such as Akku (rechargeable battery), Festplatte(hard drive),â speichernâ (save), or Tastatur (keyboard) are less simple to decipher.â Remote Keyboards Internet Cafe Links Digital Cafes - WorldwideFrom CyberCafe.com. Euro Cyber CafesAn online manual for Internet bistros in Europe. Pick a nation! Cafã © EinsteinAn Internet bistro in Vienna. PC Info Links Additionally, see the PC related connections under Subjects on the left of this and different pages. ComputerwocheA PC magazine in German. ct magazin fã ¼r PC technikA PC magazine in German. ZDNet DeutschlandNews, data in the PC world (in German).

Arterial Blood Gas

Side effects of Arterial Blood Gas: ABG is requested as a way to assess or control the patient's breath and metabolic corrosive/base equalization. This test assesses the pH of the patient's blood and is utilized as a marker of explicit reasons for acidosis or alkalosis. ABG is likewise used to gauge the ampleness of corrosive/base equalization treatment. ABG can likewise be utilized to quantify oxygenation immersion. Kinds of tests and testing strategy: ABG is generally gotten by taking blood vessel blood. In the event that OHS is suspected, different tests are important for affirmation. The most significant introductory test is to demonstrate the expansion in the measure of carbon dioxide in the blood. This requires blood vessel blood gas estimations, including the assortment of blood tests from the veins, generally the outspread corridors. Given that this test can be confused for every patient with rest related breathing issues, estimating the degree of bicarbonate in ordinary (vein) blood is a sensible I trust it will be a screening test. When rising (more than 27 mmol/l), it is important to quantify blood gas The blood vessel blood gas (ABG) test estimates corrosiveness (pH) and oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in blood vessel blood. This test is utilized to determine the degree to which lungs siphon oxygen into the circulation system and expel carbon dioxide from the blood. At the point when blood goes through the lungs, oxygen enters the circulatory system and carbon dioxide streams from the blood into the lungs. The ABG test utilizes blood taken from corridors that can gauge oxygen and carbon dioxide levels before entering body tissues. Dr. Ori can do this test or prepared individual (Timby, 2009). Mr. J's blood test was sent to microbiology for testing, so it was valuable for finding and called attention to the degree of her effect on her sickness. ABG gives interdisciplinary group data on oxygenation of the patient, sufficiency of ventilation, corrosive base level. Skinner (2005) and Adam (2009) concur that blood vessel blood gas investigation is a significant piece of patient's ventilation treatment and its corrosive base equalization determination and the executives. Skinner keeps on saying that the convenience of this intercession relies upon the capacity of clinical experts to break down and decipher all parts of gas. Nettina (2005) depicts a test methodology called Allen, a test for assessing a cut site before cut. This assesses the flow in the hand and whether it is suitable to utilize the spiral course for cut. The spot is cleaned with liquor, the unfavorably susceptible condition lessens uneasiness and permits the utilization of sedative to build the odds of progress

Cream Tea with the MIT Club of Great Britain

Cream Tea with the MIT Club of Great Britain The MIT Club of Great Britain invited us to cream tea recently. Here comes another confession of cultural ignorance, I did not know what cream tea was when I went to this event. But the president of the club kindly explained to us that while most of us probably thought that cream tea was an event where you drink tea with cream, its actually eating scones with cream and jam, and drinking tea, of course. For those of you who dont know, there are MIT clubs all over the world and theyre basically for anyone who has any connection with MIT and want to stay in touch with other MIT people in the area. Clubs organize things like picnics, hikes, and trips to fun places. While this sounds like a lot of fun and something that everyone would want to do, I was told at the event that many clubs actually has very poor attendance. Busy beavers The Great Britain club was pretty much nonexistent for a few years until the current president, Linda Morecroft, started it up again. Except the Hong Kong club, which seems to be doing very well. One of the alum in attendance is from Hong Kong and just happened to be on a business trip to London so he decided to stop by. Anyway, onto the event itself. I think most of the students went because (1) free food and (2) meeting up with other CME students. The food was very good and I got to talk to some people who I havent seen for more than a month. But I also got the chance to talk to some MIT alumni who were very eager to tell us what theyve done with their MIT degree and also excited to hear about how our year aboard has been going so far. Some pictures: Yes, that white stuff is cream, all cream. I intended to only stay for an hour and ended up staying for nearly 2 and a half hours. This is probably not a great idea considering that my exams are happening now. But I really enjoyed talking with the alumni. I really appreciate their effort of putting together the event for us. Most of them came in from London, which is about an hour away by train. There are so many little challenges that come with being in a foreign country, like not knowing which way to look when crossing the street. So it was great to talk to people who know about the culture differences. I was also very pleased to find out that I can be part of an MIT community even after I graduate, regardless of how far I am away from the institute.

How to De-Stress After an Admissions Test

Dont stress it doesnt help! The months, weeks, and days leading up to a major admission test can be a major source of stress for students. Unfortunately, that stress doesn’t necessarily go away once the test is over.  In this post, we cover some of the best ways to manage stress after handing in your test. 1. Breathe deeply As soon as you turn in your test, take a deep breath! All those months of studying will have finally paid off. As you exhale, let go of any tension left in your body. Practicing deep breathing (for about three to five minutes daily) can calm your mind and balance out any emotions you have about the test. 2. Don’t compare yourself to other people After the test, remember to keep the focus on your own test performance, not anyone else’s. How your best friend, neighbor, classmate, or study buddy feels they did on the test really doesn’t matter. Stay away from Internet forums, which are a popular place for people to gather and discuss how the test went online. Remember, no one will have their score back yet, so there’s no point speculating about your scores. 3. Keep your mind off the test There’s no use spending time or energy on the test anymore when you can’t go back to change your answers. We know it can be tempting to worry over potential missed questions, but it won’t be worth the stress. If someone asks how you did, just say you’d rather not talk about it and change the subject. Looking for other ways to take the test off your mind? Try picking up a new hobby, spending time with friends, or reading a good book. 4. Stay productive with your applications Just because the test is over, doesn’t mean the application process is. Put your energy toward your personal statements, essay supplements, resume, and interview prep, and you really won’t have time to stress out about your test score. Follow up with your professors about the status of your letters of recommendation; ask your school’s registrar about when they’ll be sending your transcript. Once you get your test score back, you want to be ready to submit your applications (particularly so if the programs you’re interested in practice rolling admissions). 5. Celebrate! Test prep is a stressful time for most students. Once your test is over, give yourself the recognition you deserve. Take a few days off to have some fun – whether that means going on a shopping spree, taking a weekend trip, or going out to a fancy dinner, there’s no shortage of ways that you can treat yourself. ; Catherine writes for the Magoosh Blog to support future grad school students by unlocking tricks of the test prep and application trade. Catherine spends her free time checking out local farmer’s markets, reading food and lifestyle blogs, and watching Bravo. She is forever in search of the best Mexican and Italian food in any given city. Related Resources: †¢Ã‚  Linda Abraham’s Admissions Assortment   podcast †¢Ã‚  3 Tips for Showing Strengths in Your Application Essays †¢Ã‚  How to Study Like the Highest-Scoring GMAT Test Takers

Movie Review Shattered Glass - 1745 Words

Kimberly Cheng Film Review for Shattered Glass A. Introduction 1. Give the name of film, producer and the year. Craig Baumgarten, Tove Christensen, Gaye Hirsch, and Adam Merims produced Shattered Glass in 2003. 2. Why did you select this film for your review? I chose this film because I am interested in psychology and social behavior. As a student wanting to switch into a psychological and social behavior major at UC Irvine, I believe that exposing myself to how psychology may be presented in society will expand my approach and interpretation of psychology. 3. Have you seen it before? I have not seen the film before; however, I thoroughly enjoyed it as it pushed me to think more deeply into the context of the situations occurring. If so, how did a second viewing help in your understanding or enjoyment? I have not seen the film before. 4. What was the film’s purpose or thesis? Was it clear or did you have to infer it? The purpose of the film was to provoke important questions about honesty, morals, and character presented in professional journalism. Likewise, Shattered Glass displays a true story of how sociopaths are able to manipulate those around them without experiencing any feelings of remorse. The purpose of the film was not entirely well defined at first and the storyline had to be inferred. However, as the story progressed, the plot became clearer. 5. Who is the primary audience for this film? The primary audience for this film includes individuals that areShow MoreRelatedCommunication in Shattered Glass Essay1190 Words   |  5 Pagesperson’s mouth to the message the listener receives. In the movie â€Å"Shattered Glass†, a young journalist named Stephen Glass fell from his meteoric throne and into a bottomless pit of lies and disarray. He was found to have fabricated twenty-seven of his published forty-one stories at â€Å"The New Republic† for the last three years. 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I wasn t all that sure what I was destined for, but I stumbled upon a research group lead by a long-haired goalie, straight out of a Coen brothers movie, who called me dude from the first day I met him: Dr. Doug Powell. He gave me job that I was destined for: surfing the Internet all day, for a whole summer. He called this pulling news; collecting much of the raw data that would eventually formRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesundergraduates following business studies programmes) âž ¡ Students of The Chartered Institute of Marketing who are preparing for the Marketing Planning paper in the CIM’s Diploma examinations âž ¡ Marketing practitioners who will benefit from a comprehensive review of current thinking in the field of strategic marketing planning, implementation and control. Richard M S Wilson Colin Gilligan Overview of the book’s structure 1 Introduction Stage One Where are we now? Strategic and marketing analysis

Cultural Considerations For Families Affected By Idd

Cultural Considerations. It has been observed that professionals cannot offer effective support for families without understanding the systems within which the families exist and function (Enwefa, Enwefa, Jennings, 2006). Given the great importance of support systems for families affected by IDD, it is necessary to consider cultural factors which may affect such systems in either a positive or negative manner. Across cultures, people tend to have varying beliefs about disability (Kayama, 2010), which at times may function as barriers, preventing access to supports and services (Cagran et al., 2011; White, 1987). Kayama (2010) asserts that systemic change may lead to revised perceptions and beliefs among families, moving them from segregationist and negative views, toward a perspective of inclusion. Additionally, it is to be expected that interventions for families affected by IDD will need to differ from one culture to the next. This is true not only because of linguistic differences but also because of differences in cultural beliefs and values. FQOL is a construct that is perceived in ways that vary significantly from one culture to another (Anzar and Castanon, 2005). For example, Ginà ©, Vilaseca, Grà  cia, and Mora et al. (2013) developed instruments that proved to be effective for measuring FQOL among families in Spain affected by IDD and creating action plans based on them. It differs from similar instruments used in other cultures, because it is tailored to theShow MoreRelatedSociological Perspectives Of Abnormal Psychology2700 Words   |  11 Pagesa definition that is relatively more accurate for the study: The continuum between normal and abnormal behaviour. Cultural and historical relativism in defining and classifying abnormality, the advantages and limitations of diagnosis, the principle of mutual causality, the connection between time and body. Modern-day theorists understanding of abnormal psychology needs consideration of the theoretical model, origins and evolution related to abnormal behaviour. One main challenge in the study of abnormalRead MoreBangladesh Pure Food Ordinance-20058856 Words   |  36 PagesBackground of the Report Food safety legislation should be developed and updated taking into consideration specific needs of consumers and food producers, development in technology, emerging hazards, changing consumer demands and new requirements for trade, harmonization with international and regional standards, obligations under the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreements, as well as social, religious and cultural habits. The implementation of food safety legislation throughout the food chain is essentialRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesenvironment affects the way organizations and managers operate. By the end of this chapter you will understand the ways in which management thought and theory have evolved over time. You will also understand how economic, political, and cultural forces have affected the development of these theories and the ways in which managers and their organizations behave. In Figure 2.1 we summarize the chronology of the manage ment theories discussed in this chapter. Scientiï ¬ c Management Theory The evolutionRead MoreCase 29 Panera Bread Company: Rising Fortunes?25159 Words   |  101 Pagesimproved communications within and beyond their compound. Maxis international gateway services include termination of traffic into Malaysia from international telecommunications companies, supporting Maxis own outbound international direct dial (IDD) traffic, collecting international transit traffic and bandwidth leasing services. Board Of Directors Raja Tan Sri Dato’ Seri Arshad bin Raja Tun Uda Chairman / Independent Non-Executive Director Robert William Boyle Independent Non-Executive

What Does Your Body Say About Your Personality - 1049 Words

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By trying to fit into a personality category that Ià ¢â‚¬â„¢m not and realizing the dangers of falsely labelling myself, I’ve realized that individuals themselves are the best definers of their own self and personality, but they often shy away from finding out who they truly are by too-easily labeling themselves with peer and media-generated stereotypes. First, I will share my personal experience of how I falsely labeled myself. At the beginning of a course I am in, all the students were asked to take a personality test based on the Myers-Briggs Theory. I took oneShow MoreRelatedJohn Hick argues that human beings are psychophysical persons938 Words   |  4 Pagesa divine act of recreation. How does he defend this position? Do you agree with Hick? Why or why not? Please provide reasons to support your claim. John Hick believes psychophysical re-creation and parapsychology is evidence for life after death. He says the soul cannot be destroyed, unlike the body. 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The American Cities During The Colonial Era - 2048 Words

Large amounts of people came from all over the world to the American cities during the colonial era. One of the main reasons why people migrated was because they were seeking religious freedom and better economic opportunity. In the American cities, there were more resources available to the people such as information that could be easily accessed, better paying jobs, high quality food supply, and transportation was provided and sometimes since the factories were located within the cities you didn’t require a car like you would in the rural areas. In the beginning of America’s industrial revolution, factories needed skilled workers. Most of the immigrants settled in New York, Chicago, and other places that contained their own people. Within these ethnic communities they tried to maintain their cultural customs from the country they were originally from. They could speak their own language, practice their religion, and continue traditions. Jews fled from Russia to preven t from getting prosecuted in their homeland. The British immigrants were the people who occupied these skills due to working in Britain in factories for such small amounts of pay. Europeans were having a hard time finding jobs at home, so they were not leaving Europe because they desired to, but because they had to in order to survive. Hundreds of people were suffering from hunger in their homeland and America was the way out of that distress. These immigrants had no skills, unfortunately, although they wereShow MoreRelatedStatus of Women in Colonial Society1243 Words   |  5 PagesMariama Bessane Professor Perine James American History 1151- Essay #1 Jan 7th,2016 Status of Women in Colonial Society Women were always considered inferior to men since day one. That belief had been existing until the eighteen century. During that period, English Colonists brought to America their ideologies with them. 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Kant and the Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics Free Essays

According to Kant metaphysics is the â€Å"occupation of reason with itself†. In more concrete terms, it is the mind making logical connections between a priori concepts and coming to an objective truth thereby, without reference to experience.[1] The question posed by him in the Prolegomena is whether such an objective truth is at all possible. We will write a custom essay sample on Kant and the Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics or any similar topic only for you Order Now The conclusion derived in the end is that there is indeed such an objective truth, which is effected through pure reason. But equally important in the assertion is that such metaphysics is beyond human understanding. The title â€Å"Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics† suggests that Kant does indeed anticipate an irrefutable metaphysics to be in the grasp of men in the future, but he never makes such a claim in the text itself. The thing that Kant aimed for was clarity in the field of metaphysical endeavor, and this is the ‘future metaphysics’. ‘Future’ can be interpreted in two ways here. First in the sense already suggested, so that metaphysical thinking is founded on a scientific basis, in which the terms and strategies it employs are well defined. But it can also be hinting at transcendental possibility, that by which all contradictions are resolved through â€Å"pure reason†. Scientific clarity is the aim, and thus Kant justifies the labor involved in Critique Of Pure Reason (1781), of which the Prolegomena was a sequel meant to make more accessible. He is at pains to point out that there is a moral obligation involved here. People cannot surrender themselves to unreason, because reason is the very make-up of the human, so postulates Kant. The suggestion that reason be abandoned was made by David Hume, who had spelt out a comprehensive theory of empirical skepticism. All our knowledge is through sense perceptions, therefore are entirely subjective, and cannot be tied into an absolute whole through the application of reason. It is merely by the means of custom that we acquire a coherent worldview, he maintained.[2] Kant saw this as a capitulation to unreason. It was not just Hume’s personal viewpoint that mattered. It was indeed a wider crisis in metaphysics that he was addressing. When Newton’s physics could not be subsumed under any metaphysics, this engendered an intellectual confusion, and Hume’s solution was that metaphysics be abandoned as impossible. Kant enjoined that it is impossible to abandon metaphysics, for man reasons by necessity. Instead of finality we must aim for metaphysical clarity, and this is absolutely contingent upon us, indeed a moral obligation. He made what seem to be boastful claims about the crucial importance of the Critique in the history of metaphysics, but a closer examination will show that it is not from conceit, but rather from moral outrage. The true nature of metaphysics is laid out with scientific clarity in the Critique and the Prolegomena, and this is the essence that Kant wants to convey, not the final outcome. He takes Hume to task in the very opening of the Critique:  Although all our knowledge begins with experience, it does not follow that it arises entirely from experience. For it is quite possible that our empirical knowledge is a compound of that which we receive through impressions and that which our own faculty of knowing (incited by impressions) supplies from itself.[3] When considering sensual perception he first makes the distinction between a priori and a posteriori, the first suggesting an innate facility of the mind, and the second is a facility borne after the event. The second distinction is between analytical and synthetic propositions. In an analytic proposition the predicate is contained within the subject, such as â€Å"the flamingo is a bird†. In a synthetic proposition the predicate adds something new to the subject, such as â€Å"the flamingo is pink†. The pinkness is not in the definition of flamingo, but rather has to be got from observation, and therefore it is also a posteriori. Synthetic a posteriori propositions are employed in the field of natural science. On the other hand all mathematical truths are innate, i.e. we ascertain their truth before sensory perception. They are also synthetic: when we say â€Å"3+4=7†, then ‘7’ is a new concept, not contained in either ‘3’ of ‘4’. Mathematics holds the key to metaphysics, according to Kant. It demonstrates that synthetic a priori propositions are possible, which is contrary to normal expectation. We feel that whatever is innate is necessarily analytical. We are what we are, separated from the objective natural world beyond us. Against this instinctive point of view, Kant contended that we are not passive observers of an external world separated from us, but that with our innate faculties we â€Å"synthesize† our own subjective reality. The first stage of this synthesis is when we intuit objects in our perception. â€Å"Things in themselves† can never appear to us; we only have subjective sensory data to work with. It is a meaningless jumble of light, sound, touch, taste and smell, but then our faculty of sensibility intervenes and creates order out of this chaos. This faculty is synthetic a priori, and makes use of pure intuitions. Space is one such pure intuition. Newton had maintained that space is an external, absolute and inviolable reality. Kant counters that, no, space is pure intuition. Time is another such. Through the faculties of sensibility we come to make a judgment of perception. Thus far it is an entirely subjective viewpoint, with no objective framework to relate to that would link our views with those of others. This is the function of our judgment of experience. It too is synthetic a priori, and links the objects of perception into a rational order that facilitates understanding. This is done through pure concepts of understanding, and causation is one of them. Through this faculty we know that one event is cause to another, and thus wise we have come across Hume’s impasse, where he could find no rational construct that could link a effect to a cause when confined to empirical sense data.[4] â€Å"Cause and effect† is thus a concept of human understanding. Such understanding is composed of components that are a priori and synthetic, and it is meant to make the world intelligible to us. Just because the world is made intelligible, it does not imply that we do not meet contradiction. When we think we do so discursively, i.e. we think by making propositions in terms of subjects and predicates. But each subject we introduce is the predicate of another subject in an infinite chain. Because the absolute subject is beyond our grasp, discursive reason naturally leads to fallacies. In fact each truthful proposition will be found to have an equally valid refutation, which together are described as pairs of antimonies. Kant cites four cosmological antimonies, one of which places infinite space against a limited one. He goes on to show that there is no contradiction in essence. As originating in the judgment of perception space does indeed have a beginning. But as regards human understanding space is necessarily infinite. The conflict arises from metaphysics failing to distinguish the noumenal (thing in itself) from the phenomenal (as appears to human understanding). Thus far does metaphysics gain clarity, but not finality. The human mind cannot help ponder on the questions of metaphysics, but it must come to terms with the fact that it is ‘bounded’. Human understanding is meant to make the outer world intelligible, and thus proves inadequate when the focus is redirected to the inner essence of the mind, which is the object that metaphysics must study. But the overriding lesson of metaphysics is that pure reason subsumes all. One must not despair of human reason, for one must know that it originates in pure reason and is overcome by it in the end. Subservience to pure reason is indeed a moral obligation. Other than clarity in metaphysics, which is not suitable for all, Kant advanced his categorical imperative: â€Å"I ought never to act except in such a way that I could also will that my maxim should become a universal law.†[5] We cannot help noticing that this is only a rewording of the golden rule of Christianity: â€Å"Do unto others as you would they should do unto you.†[6] Thus through clarity in metaphysics Kant can be said to have arrived at religious doctrine too. References Hume, David. An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. Ed. Eric Steinberg. Boston: Hackett Publishing, 1993. Jeffrey, David L. A Dictionary of Biblical Tradition in English Literature.  Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1992. Kant, Immanuel. Critique of Pure Reason. Trans. Werner S. Pluhar. Ed. Eric Watkins. Boston: Hackett Publishing Company, 1999. Kant, Immanuel. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Ed. Mary Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Kant, Immanuel. Kant’s Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics. Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing, 2005. [1] Immanuel Kant, Kant’s Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics, Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing, 2005, p. 92. [2] David Hume, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, Ed. Eric Steinberg, Boston: Hackett Publishing, 1993, p. 29. [3] Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason. Trans. Werner S. Pluhar, Ed. Eric Watkins, Boston: Hackett Publishing Company, 1999, p. 1. [4] Hume, Enquiry, p. 49. [5] Immanuel Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Ed. Mary Gregor, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998, p. 16. [6] David L. Jeffrey, A Dictionary of Biblical Tradition in English Literature,  Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1992, p. 314. How to cite Kant and the Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics, Essay examples

Job Costing And Process Costing Accounting Essay Example For Students

Job Costing And Process Costing Accounting Essay The chief aim of fabrication houses is to do net income. The net income on each merchandise sold is the difference between the merchandising monetary value of the merchandise and the entire cost of doing the merchandise. Cost therefore plays an of import function in the merchandise design procedure. To cipher the cost that incurred on the merchandise we use different Costing Techniques. Costing is non an easy undertaking because in the procedure of fabricating a merchandise many indirect stuffs and labor are used. To place these costs we use different bing techniques. Here we are traveling to discourse two methods of bing Job Costing and Process Costing. Job Costing is to cipher the costs involved of a concern in fabricating goods. These costs are recorded in leger histories throughout the twelvemonth and are so shown in the concluding test balance before the preparing of the fabrication statement. In a occupation bing system, costs are accumulated by occupation. Direct stuff and direct labour are easy tracked on a merchandise. In occupation costing we keep tracking these costs at their original value till the occupation is completed. Overhead is applied after the occupation is done. It is applied either by utilizing a rate based on direct labour hours or by utilizing an Activity Based Costing ( ABC ) cost driver. In either instance, one time overhead is added, the entire cost for the occupation can be determined. Upon completion, the costs are transferred out of Work in Process to Finished Goods ( Cost of Goods Sold for service industries ) Examples are shoe manufacturing- requires different specification garment manufacturing- orders differs significantly vehicle fix shops- each fix requires different parts replacing and labour hours Procedure costing is a method that hints and accumulates direct costs, and allocates indirect costs of a fabrication procedure. Costss are assigned to merchandises, normally in a big batch, which might include an full month s production. At last, costs have to be allocated to single units of merchandise. It assigns mean costs to each unit, and is the opposite extreme of Job bing which attempts to mensurate single costs of production of each unit. Procedure costing is a type of operation bing which is used to determine the cost of a merchandise at each procedure or phase of industry. It can be defined bing as The costing method applicable where goods or services result from a sequence of uninterrupted or insistent operations or procedures. Costss are averaged over the units produced during the period . Process costing is suited for industries bring forthing homogenous merchandises and where production is a uninterrupted flow. A procedure can be referred to as the sub-unit of an organisation specifically defined for cost aggregation intent. Examples are Car assembly line-all autos coming out are indistinguishable Electronic assembly line where all merchandises is indistinguishable Biscuit fabrication though has more than one merchandise line, each line is a separate, uninterrupted procedure bring forthing indistinguishable merchandises. The differences between occupation order bing and procedure bing arise from two assorted grounds. The first is that the flow of units in a procedure bing system is more or less uninterrupted, and the 2nd is that these units are identical from one another. Under procedure bing it makes no sense to seek to place stuffs, labour, and overhead costs with a peculiar order from a client ( as we do with occupation order bing ) , since each order is merely one of many that are filled from a uninterrupted flow of virtually indistinguishable units from the production line. Under procedure costing, we accumulate costs by section instead than by order, assign these costs uniformly to all units that pass through the section during a period. .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee , .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .postImageUrl , .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee , .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee:hover , .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee:visited , .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee:active { border:0!important; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee:active , .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6ee07c3229ce6d2e86378583e42ac0ee:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: PRIMARY SOCIALIZATION THEORY (742 words) EssayA farther difference between the two bing systems is that the occupation cost sheet is non used in procedure costing, since the focal point ofA a procedure costing is on sections. Alternatively of utilizing occupation cost sheet a production study is prepared for each section in which work is done on merchandises. The production study serves several maps. It provides a sum-up of figure of units traveling through a section during a period, and it besides provides a calculation of unit costs. In add-on it shows what costs were charged to the section and what temperament was made on these costs. The section production study is a c ardinal papers in a procedure bing system. Job Order Costing Jobs are different in nature. Every occupation has different production demands and many occupations can be processed at the same clip. Costss are occured by every single different occupation. Job cost sheet is the papers, which shows from where the costs have come on the occupation. Unit of measurement costs are computed by occupation on the occupation cost sheet. Procedure Costing A solo merchandise is produced on a regular basis or for a long period of clip. All units of merchandise are same. Costss are accumulated on the merchandise by all the sections. The section production study is the papers, which shows from which section costs have come and how much. Unit of measurement costs are calculated by section on the section production study. Decision: Both bing techniques have their ain advantages and disadvantages. In occupation costing, costs are accumulated by occupation whereas in procedure bing it is done by a procedure. Job costing is cardinal to managerial accounting. Procedure costing is used when merchandises are more homogenous, whereas occupation costing can be done on heterogenous merchandises every bit good.

Organizational Behavior System in Jgtdsl, Bangladesh Essay Example

Organizational Behavior System in Jgtdsl, Bangladesh Paper Introduction: Organizational Behavior (OB) is the study and application of knowledge about how people, individuals, and groups act in organizations. It does this by taking a system approach. That is, it interprets people-organization relationships in terms of the whole person, whole group, whole organization, and whole social system. Its purpose is to build better relationships by achieving human objectives, organizational objectives, and social objectives Elements of Organizational Behavior:- The organizations base rests on managements philosophy, values, vision and goals. This in turn drives the organizational culture which is composed of the formal organization, informal organization, and the social environment. The culture determines the type of leadership, communication, and group dynamics within the organization. The workers perceive this as the quality of work life which directs their degree of motivation. The final outcome is performance, individual satisfaction, and personal growth and development. All these elements combine to build the model or framework that the organization operates from. Models of Organizational Behavior:- There are four major models or frameworks that organizations operate out of, Autocratic, Custodial, Supportive, and Collegial (Cunningham, Eberle, 1990; Davis,1967): Autocratic — The basis of this model is power with a managerial orientation of authority. The employees in turn are oriented towards obedience and dependence on the boss. The employee need that is met is subsistence. The performance result is minimal. Custodial — The basis of this model is economic resources with a managerial orientation of money. The employees in turn are oriented towards security and benefits and dependence on the organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Behavior System in Jgtdsl, Bangladesh specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Behavior System in Jgtdsl, Bangladesh specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Behavior System in Jgtdsl, Bangladesh specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The employee need that is met is security. The performance result is passive cooperation. Supportive — The basis of this model is leadership with a managerial orientation of support. The employees in turn are oriented towards job performance and participation. The employee need that is met is status and recognition. The performance result is awakened drives. Collegial — The basis of this model is partnership with a managerial orientation of teamwork. The employees in turn are oriented towards responsible behavior and self-discipline. The employee need that is met is self-actualization. The performance result is moderate enthusiasm. Although there are four separate models, almost no organization operates exclusively in one. There will usually be a predominate one, with one or more areas over-lapping in the other models. The first model, autocratic, has its roots in the industrial revolution. The managers of this type of organization operate mostly out of McGregors Theory X. The next three models begin to build on McGregors Theory Y. They have each evolved over a period of time and there is no one best model. In addition, the collegial model should not be thought as the last or best model, but the beginning of a new model or paradigm. Importance of organizational behavior: Organization Development (OD) is the systematic application of behavioral science knowledge at various levels, such as group, inter-group, organization, etc. , to bring about planned change (Newstrom, Davis, 1993). Their objective is a higher quality of work-life, productivity, adaptability, and effectiveness. It accomplishes this by changing attitudes, behaviors, values, strategies, procedures, and structures so that the organization can adapt to competitive actions, technological advances, and the fast pace of change within the environment. 1. Humanistic Values: Positive beliefs about the potential of employees (McGregors Theory Y). 2. Systems Orientation: All parts of the organization, to include structure, technology, and people, must work together. 3. Experiential Learning: The learners experiences in the training environment should be the kind of human problems they encounter at work. The training should NOT be all theory and lecture. 4. Problem Solving: Problems are identified, data is gathered, corrective action is taken, progress is assessed, and adjustments in the problem solving process are made as needed. This process is known as Action Research. . Contingency Orientation: Actions are selected and adapted to fit the need. 6. Change Agent: Stimulate, facilitate, and coordinate change. 7. Levels of Interventions: Problems can occur at one or more level in the organization so the strategy will require one or more interventions. An organizational behavior system:- [pic] Figure – An organizational behavior syst em Elements of the system Philosophy- the philosophy of organizational behavior held by management cconsist of an integrated set of assumption and benefits about the way things are the purpose of these activities , and the way they should be. The philosophies are some times explicit and occationally amplict, in the mindes of managers. Five major organizational behavior philosophies- autocratic, custodial, supportive, collegial, and system-and their implication are bdiscussed later in this assignment. Values:- Values can be defined as those things that are important to or valued by someone. That someone can be an individual or, collectively, an organization. One place where values are important is in relation to vision. Values are the embodiment of what an organization stands for, and should be the basis for the behavior of its members. Vision- ision represents a challenging portrait of what the organization and its members can be – a possible and desirable future. Leaders need to create exciting projections about where the organization should go and what major changes lie ahead. Mission:- mission defines the fundamental purpose of an organization or an enterprise succinctly describing why it existing and what it do es to achieve its vision It sometimes used to set out a picture of the other organization in the future. Goals:- Goals are relatively concrete formulations of achievements the organization is aiming for within set periods of time, such as one to five years. Goals setting is a complex process , for top managements goals need to be merged with those of employees who bring their their physiological , social and economic needs with them to an organization. Four key forces of organizational behavior:- A complex set of forces affects the nature of organization today. A wide array of issues and trends of these forces can be classified into four areas- . People . Structure . Technology .environment when people work together in an organization to accomplish an objective, some kind of structure of formal relationships is required. People also use technology to help get thae job done, so people structure technology interact,. In addition these elements are influenced by the external environment, and they influence t. each of the four forces affecting organizational behavior , and some illustration of each , is considered briefly in the following sections. People:- People make up the internal social system of the organization. People are the living thinking feeling being who work in the organization to achieve their objectives. Structure:- Structure defines the formal relation ship and use of people in organizations. Different jobs are required to accomplish all of organizations activities. There are managers and employees, accountatsand assemblers. These people have to be related in some structural way so that their work can be effectively coordinated. Technology:- Technology provides the resources with which people work and affects the tasks that they perform. The technology used has a significant influence on working relationship. Environment:- All organization s operate within an internal and an external environment. A single organization doesn’t exist alone. It is part of a larger system the contains many other elements, such as government, the family and other organization. The nature of people With regard to people, there are six basic concepts: 1. individual difference 2. perception 3. a whole person 4. motivated behavior 5. desire for involvement 6. value of the person 1. Individual person:- people have much in common but each person in the world is also individually different. The idea of individual difference is supported by science. Individual difference requirethat a managers approach to employees be individual , not statistical. This belief that each person is different from all others is typically called the law of individual difference. 2. perception:- people look at the world and see things differently. Even when presented with the same object, two people may view in two different ways their view of their objective environment is filtered by perception, which is the unique way in which each person sees organize and interprets things. 3. a whole person:- 4. motivated behavior:- 5. desire for involvement:- The nature of the organization :- With regard to organizations, the three concepts are that they are social systems, they are formed on the basis of mutual interest, and they must treat employees ethically. Social system- The idea of a social system provides a frame work for analyzing organizational behavior issues. It helps make organizational behavior problems understandable and manageable Mutual interest:- Organization need people and people need organizations . organization have a human purpose. They are formed and maintained on the basis of some mutuality interest among their participants. Ethics: Ethics is the use of moral principles and values to affect the behavior of individuals and organizations with regard to choices between what is right and wrong. Limitations of organizational behavior:- 1. Behavioral Bias:- 2. The Law Of Diminishing Returns :- 3. Unethical Manipulation Of People:- Conclusion:- Organizational culture Formal organization Managements .philosophy. Values. Vision. Mission. Goals Motivation Quality of work life Leadership. Communication. group dynamics Informal organization Social environment Outcomes . Performance . Employee satisfaction .personal growth and development

Writing Task #5 (a job you want) Essays - Employment, Free Essays

Writing Task #5 (a job you want) Essays - Employment, Free Essays ESOL 0382 Prof. Marceau November 15. 2015 Writing Task #5 (a job you want) First, you need to think about what you are good at. Usually the things we love are the things we are good at. Research the fields and options that best deal with those interests so you can spend your time at work doing things that you enjoy. To begin, you can start off by simply researching job titles online. Second, talk to people who work in a variety of jobs. This will give you a better sense of what certain jobs entail. Many communities offer job fairs that can be found on your local city website. These are great opportunities to ask questions. You can ask friends or family members about their experiences too. Third, spend time job shadowing. Job shadowing is a career evaluation activity that allows you the chance to spend time with a professional currently working in a particular career field. You can see what its really like working in a certain job. Fourth, take a career personality test. There are many free tests on the web that will psychoanalyze your mind to help narrow do wn interesting jobs for you. These tests are designed to provide you with specific jobs that fit your unique interests and ultimately help you down a career path. You may even see jobs you didn't know existed be recommended to you. Finally, think about the lifestyle that is important to you. If you see yourself having a more lavish lifestyle, or one filled with travel, you may want to seek out a higher paying job. Look at the salary and wage averages for the jobs you are considering to decide if they will provide you the type of lifestyle you are looking for.

18 Steps That Will Help You Quit a Job That You Hate

18 Steps That Will Help You Quit a Job That You Hate Is your job awful? Or just profoundly unfulfilling, and not challenging or helping you to grow in the most important ways for your career? If you know you’re not really where you need to be but you’re plagued by the what ifs, consider taking these 18 steps to see whether it might be scarier to stay at your job than working up the courage to quit and moving on to another opportunity. 1.  Think long and hard about your life and your choices.Are you living the life you want, or used to dream of? Or are you letting your shots be called by what is expected of you, or what you perceive you should be doing? Take a step back and see where you stand. Are you working towards great things? Or are you mired in mediocrity? If you’re not living the life you desire, and you find yourself being passive in your choices, start taking active steps to change that. Live by design, not by default.2. Fear the â€Å"if only† more than the â€Å"what if.†As scary as it is to start over (at any point in your career), isn’t it scarier to think of yourself regretting having stayed put several years down the line? Regret rarely shows up until it’s too late. Try to fear failure less than dissatisfaction when your chances at another chance dry up.3. Think, What’s the worst that can happen?†Imagine the absolute worst case scenario. All your gravest what-ifs. What does that look like? Clearly define what your biggest fears coming true might look like. Then ask yourself, â€Å"So what?† Is it livable? Workable? Even, perhaps, preferable to your current situation?4. Trust your gut.If there’s a nagging little voice in you telling you to quit and go after something better? Chances are you’re right. Listen to yourself and act deliberately to affect the change you crave. Think of it as your inner GPS.5. Trust what you love.Have the confidence to know that you’ll be better off- and much happier- if you’ re doing what you love. Even if you’re doing something you just like more. If you can’t get to your dream job in one leap from your current one, try a stepping stone. Anything is better than stagnation, particularly when you aren’t happy where you are. Think of all the time and energy you’re putting into what you don’t love. Imagine how much better you could be and feel!6. Make decisions based on happiness.Studies actually suggest that happiness fuels success and good performance- rather than the other way around. Build a life and career around what makes you happy and the rest should follow, crazy as it sounds.7. Set a  good example for others.Visualize your little sister or your best friend’s kid in your shoes. Now imagine them copying your choices and your solutions. Does this make you cringe? Inspire future mentees by pursuing what you really want and need most out of life.8. Live in the current moment.It’s important to keep an eye on the future. But it’s just as important to stay grounded in reality. Be realistic about what you can and can’t accomplish from where you are right now. What can you actually do now? Start there.9. Don’t despair.You are not alone. What you feel is totally normal and human and a lot of people out there are going through the same exact thing. Take comfort in that fact.10. Get clear on your purpose.You want a change, but why? Get clear on why you are unhappy, why you are leaving, why you’re taking the risk. As long as you stay on message, you’ll stay focused and can trust that you’re moving in the right direction.11. Get to know your own gifts.We all have our own unique talents and strengths. Let your passions lead you to understand yours and then lead with that. Trust yourself and show the world what you have to offer.12. Build a web of support.Find people who support, inspire, and motivate you. Who think like you do and are open to the s ort of life you want to lead. Build a network of these people, both business and personal, in person and online.13. Realize you might have to take a risk to make a gain.A small risk now, or a small sacrifice even, can pay large dividends down the road. Bet on yourself and figure out how to be a winner when the chips are down.14. Aim to please†¦ yourself.Imagine yourself on your deathbed. Are you proud of current you? Try living in such a way that would put a smile on the face of your past selves. Make sure you end up fulfilled and content with what you’ve chosen.15. Remember timing can be everything.But that doesn’t mean you have to wait for the perfect conditions for a change or a leap of faith. Perfect conditions will never appear. You’ll never be 100% prepared to make a major switch. Align as many stars as you can, but remember that sometimes you have to accept that things may never be perfect. Neither can you. Do what you can in the moment that presents itself.16. Trust the path.You may not be able to see where all this leads, but if you’re following your gut and staying true to your purpose (and reality), you can trust that it will take you where you need to go. Focus only on the next step.17. Get comfy with uncomfortable.Change is scary and uncomfortable. New is hard and daunting. Make being uncomfortable your new comfortable. Make this part of your journey.18. Have faith, not fear.Both faith and fear are kinds of uncertainty. Focus on what you do want, rather than what you don’t. And take active steps to make that happen. Don’t just sit back and worry that it won’t be possible.You never have any guarantees of how anything will turn out. But if you listen to yourself and make mindful choices in your life, you won’t go too far wrong.

Expansion of the Blue Sun Energy Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Expansion of the Blue Sun Energy Company - Essay Example Being a company that was established in May 2008, it is a young but thriving business. The focus of the company was to successfully introduce products into the growing market through teaming up with foremost partners in China whichwere already established pacesetters in the expertise of LED lighting and Solar Energy (Buchsbaum 42). It also centers on marketing products and services derived from energy with the United States of America andother worldwide renewable energy markets. As discussed in class, it is important to survey a country of interest before making a decision on whether to establish the company. The survey on Nigeria includes some important factors such as the history, economic, political, social, and cultural factors. Overview of Nigeria Nigeria is the most heavily populated country in Africa. It is located on the Guinea Gulf in West Africa. Chad, Benin, Cameroon and Niger are the immediate neighbors of Nigeria. The country gained independence on Oct 1, 1960 making it an official constituent of the Commonwealth of Nations which led to its connection to United Nations. In 1975, Gowon’s rule lasted for 3 years and ended in a coup which went ahead to declare the Army Brig Muritala Mohammed a chief of state. The country experienced an oil boom which maintained the Nigerian economy during the 1980s (Afolabi 54). By this time, it was regarded as a paradigm of economic wellbeing and democracy in Africa. In 1984, the military seized power again and another military coup followed again. After swaying from one coup to another, the country finally attained a solid elected leadership. However, this happened after the government of United States imposed several sanctions on the country. The period that followed was filled with rising strained relations but the replacement of General Abacha by General Abubakar after his death led to a fresh phase which was marked by improved bilateral relations. The transition to democracy permitted the lifting of the b ans on visas leading to augmented high-level trips of United States officials and dialogues of future backing. The counter narcotics provision of Vital National Interest Certification became effective during the month of March 1999 making a way for re-launching quicker ties between Nigeria and U.S as a major partner in the continent as well as the region (Afolabi 56). There has been major improvement since Obasanjo was sworn in as the President of Nigeria with improvement of bilateral relationships. In addition, there has been cooperation on many significant foreign policy objectives such as peacekeeping in the region. Even though there have been reported cases of widespread corruption, attention continues to be paid on Nigeria as a country and its contribution to economy. Political System of Nigeria The country is structured after the US, with decision-making power implemented by the head of state. Goodluck Jonathan is the current head of state for Nigeria after he took over Umaru Musa Yar’Adua in the year 2010. The president controls the country as the national executive and the head of state. He only enters the office if he is voted for by the majority of the population (Kifordu 288). The maximum term that he can spend in the office is four-year terms. The power invested in the head of state is assessed by the House of Representatives and the senate which when combined forms a bicameral body which is referred

MPH502 - Introduction to Public Health Module 5 - Case Essay

MPH502 - Introduction to Public Health Module 5 - Case - Essay Example 4.2 million births per year) which results in high infant mortality rate and maternal mortality rate (WHO). The increasing birth rate is primarily associated with less educational facilities and religious matters. The health disparities that exist within the country are mainly due to the educational, health, social, economic differences between rural and urban areas. Malaria, tuberculosis, Diarrhea, measles and tetanus are also major health concerns of the government. Hepatitis is also posing a great threat to the health of population. Â ¼ of the total population in Pakistan are obese and have chronic problems (Tauqeer et al.). These health problems and others are basically related to the educational, social and economic conditions of the country. People in Pakistan, do not get much education on vaccines and health checkups on regular basis. The unavailability of education and health services is posing a threat to the health situation of Pakistan. Hygiene is one of the major issues that is worsening the health condition in Pakistan. About eighty percent of the prevailing diseases like diarrhea, malaria, typhoid etc. are due to poor sanitary conditions, unavailability of purified drinking water and cleanliness facilities. The following chart defines the health priorities that require immediate consideration and call for an action by the Government, local authorities and general public. These issues are prioritized on the basis of mortality rates by those issues. The figures are taken from Death and DALY estimates by cause (2002). There is a need to improve the current trends of death rates by resolving the life risking health issues. Since, it has been observed that the major concerns include but are not limited to cleanliness facilities, health disparities on the basis of social, economic and educational differences and high birthrate risking the life of child and mother both. The basic need is to call for an

Blue Monday Strip by Rebecca Horn: Themes and Techniques

Blue Monday Strip by Rebecca Horn: Themes and Techniques Artist: Rebecca Horn. Title/Date: Blue Monday Strip, 1993. Materials: Typewriters, ink, metal, and motors. Dimensions: 192 1/8 x 137 inches. Site: Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum. Provenance: Gift of the artist. Introduction to Blue Monday Strip by Rebecca Horn The work of Rebecca Horn is appealing to many in the art world. To me, it is appealing in ways that I, as a fellow artist, find particularly compelling; although we work in different media, a common theme seems to resonate when I observe her work and compare it to my own. There is a sense of the fleeting nature of our corporeal existence against a background of the mundane details of life. Her works are animated, though in a much different way than my own art is ‘animated’ The sense of activity and movement I see in her work is something that is appealing and energizing. It brings to mind the limitations of the human body, yet at the same time it brings to light the concept that human activity goes on, even though we as individuals do not. According to one biographer/critic, Horn’s work is ‘located in the nexus between body and machine’, and it ‘transmogrifies the ordinary into the enigmatic’ (Ragheb, 1993). Horn’s ability to do this with such deft yet subtle precision is part of her appeal to me as a practitioner. She can take everyday objects and juxtapose them with such uniqueness that viewers look at them in new ways. Doing this within my own medium is something I can strive for, and hope on some level to achieve; what she has done with her sculpture, in her unique way, sets a standard I can aspire to in my own chosen medium. Nowhere is this more apparent than in Blue Monday Strip, a 1993 piece that was a gift from Horn to the Guggenheim Museum in New York City. Blue Monday Strip: Salient characteristics of Form and Content Horn’s piece, Blue Monday Strip, was actually a gift that the artist bestowed upon the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York City. This dynamic work measures, in inches, 192 1/8th by 137, and is composed of ‘everyday’ (although some are somewhat dated) materials: older, or ‘vintage’ typewriters, ink, metal, and motors. A crucial aspect of this particular piece is that it is mechanized, so there is movement: it is essentially, animated, and in quite a literal sense. As an animator, this is a feature that is important to me. Ragheb has described Blue Monday Strip as a group of ‘vintage typewriters’ that ‘are liberated from the orderly office world and set akimbo, transformed into an unruly lot whose keys chatter ceaselessly in a raucous dialogue’ (1993). The monotony of the droning typewriters is clearly symbolic of the relentless sameness that was at one time experienced by the secretaries who operated them each week, starting on the first day of the work cycle—the ‘blue Monday’ An occasional splotch of blue paint—presumably ink? Might we go so far as to say sweat, or possibly tears?—breaks the monotony. The ability to breathe life into inanimate forms in such an effective and dramatic way is something that I, as an animator, find truly compelling. Another feature of Horn’s work that appeals to me is her sense of perspective; her work is based in reality—a quantifiable and verifiable reality, as I would like mine to be. In other words, much of modern art has been criticized for its abstract qualities; often a sculpture or painting will be impossible to describe until we read the title. Then we can say, ‘oh, yes, it’s clearly a pear, anyone can see that’—when in reality it looks nothing like a pear at all. Horn’s work does not have this type of abstractness: its primary components are easily identified as typewriters, but because of the mode of presentation, we are forced into seeing them in a new way. As Winterson has written, ‘art has the knack of helping us to see what we would normally miss. . . Artists see better than we do, and help us to look twice. Horns way of seeing is to go past the sensible, obvious arrangements of objects and people, and rearrange them in a way that is not obvious at all’ (Winterson, 2005). In this specific piece, the objects before us are authentic, but they are in an unusual setting, one which calls attention to them and forces us to consider them in unusual ways. Blue Monday Strip is, as the title suggests, a ‘strip’, or section, of a life that includes not just one, but several typewriters. What does this suggest, other than an office? An office on a blue Monday? A setting in which individuals—most likely women—find themselves trapped again and again, Monday after Monday, with little likelihood of change beyond the Saturday and Sunday that separate the weeks. This is the kind of thought process I would like to spark with my own work—it need not be mysterious to the viewer; it need be nothing more than what it appears to the average eye. But to those who care, or dare, to look, it will suggest ideas and themes in subtle, yet consciously planned ways. As Ragheb says of Horn’s sculpture, the viewer can see a disorganized row of machines and nothing more; or, he or she can see something further. One can feel the drain of wasted lives, the emptiness of disappointed hopes, the frustration of unfulfilled desire, by taking a second look at the forlorn collection of typewriters: ‘Whether mechanomorphic bodies or anthropomorphic machines, all of Horn’s works are fraught with sexual allusions and the ache of desire’ (Ragheb). Horn’s career has spanned over three decades, and though she has experimented with form and theme throughout, she has returned again and again to somatic themes. At times, her work is a celebration of the body, in respectful, awed praise of its power; at others, it seems a reproachful and cynical statement on the treachery of the body. Ideas, Practices, and Issues Relating to the Body Horn’s early reading stirred an interest in Surrealism and the absurd; this was further inspired in young adulthood, when she was introduced to the works of Franz Kafka and Jean Genet, and by the films of Luis Buà ±uel and Pier Paolo Pasolini (Ragheb). The absurdist philosophies of Kafka and Genet, and the obscure themes of Buà ±uel and Pasolini, are evident to a great extent in all of her works. Yet what affected her life and her work most was what she has interpreted as a betrayal of her own body. In an interview with Jeanette Winterson last year, Horn described two of the key events that caused a change in the course of her life and work. First was the onset, at age 20[i], of a serious lung condition. This was the result of working, by her own account, unprotected, with glass fibre. No one had told her that it was a dangerous material. As a result, after a period of intense work, while living in a cheap hotel in Barcelona—‘one of those hotels where you rent rooms by the hour’—she found herself dangerously ill. During this unfortunate period, she also found herself alone—both parents had died. ‘I was totally isolated’, she told Winterson. To recuperate, she was forced to spend time in a sanatorium, a setting in which her sense of isolation was magnified. This enforced period of extended rest became an experience that ultimately led her to consider the workings of the body in a new way. She began to view the body it in terms of isolation and vulnerability. ‘Thats when I began to produce my first body-sculptures. I could sew lying in bed’ (qtd. in Winterson, 2005). What resulted from this period were a series of designs ‘that would extend her body’ explains Winterson (2005). Apparently, this was more than a reactionary phase, as Horn continued on this trajectory after her release from the sanatorium. Back at art school, she worked with soft materials, such as prosthetic bandages and padding, creating protective, cocoon-like pieces. Works from this early period include Finger Gloves (1972), Pencil Mask (1972), and Black Cockfeathers (1971). According to Winterson, ‘isolation becomes a message in a bottle; the viewer can retrieve what is inside’ (2005). Eventually Horn gravitated more and more into performance art, but instead of abandoning the body-extension sculptures, she used them as part of her performance (Ragheb). The limitations of the body, and of one’s time on earth, are apparent even as the actions of Horn’s mechanized sculptures suggest endless time. There is a beauty in the symmetry of Blue Monday Strip, a duality in the suggestion of the mundane in a setting of what appears to be perpetual motion. To express animation through inanimate objects is to do the unexpected, particularly in Horn’s chosen format. This is what I would like to achieve in my own art. Conclusion: A Contextual Investigation All art is contextual in that it is dependent upon its environment. What it is, as well as the time in which it is brought into existence, are both aspects that must be considered when assessing its value. Art that relates to the body is unique in the sense that although our individual bodies have a limited amount of time on this earth, the body, such as it is, is perpetual. It will always exist, though each of us as individuals has a limited time span on this earth. The work of Rebecca Horn is appealing in a timeless sense; one gets the feeling that it will be appreciated and valued even in the far distant future, in a time when machines such as ‘typewriters’ have ceased to play a role in society, other than as a symbol of the past. Her work is relevant in ways that I, as a fellow artist, find significant and familiar—and this familiarity exists despite the fact that we work in media that are altogether different from each other. Despite this difference, a common theme exists and seems to resonate when I observe her work and consider it against my own. Though we work with different materials, there is a common theme, a sense of the fleeting nature of our corporeal existence against a background of the details of life. Her works are animated, though in a much different way than my own art is ‘animated’. The sense of activity and movement I see in her work is something that is appealing and energizing. It brings to mind the limitations of the human body, yet at the same time it brings to light the concept that human activity goes on, even though we as individuals do not. Doing this within my own medium is something I can strive for, and hope on some level to achieve. As Ragheb has written, Horn’s work is ‘located in the nexus between body and machine’, and it ‘transmogrifies the ordinary into the enigmatic’ (1993). I would take these even further; Horn’s ability to find a niche between body and machine has been accomplished with dexterity and precision, yet at the same time with a subtlety that lends itself to individual interpretation. This, in essence, is the crux of her appeal to me as a practitioner. She can take everyday objects—typewriters, motors, ink, bits of metal—and juxtapose them in such unique ways that viewers look at them in ways that are new and yet familiar at the same time. References Cork, Richard. 2005. ‘Rebecca Horn invades our senses’.  Times Online, Weekend Review, Arts, May 21, 2005. Retrieved from  http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,14933-1620638,00.html Ragheb, J. Fiona. ‘Rebecca Horn’. Retrieved from  http://www.guggenheimcollection.org/site/artist_bio_66.html Smith, Roberta. 1993. ‘Review/Art; Fountains of Mercury, a  Piano Spitting Out Keys: Sculpture as Dramas’. New York Times, July 2, 1993.  Retrieved electronically on 5/12/06 from  http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE3D81E3BF931A35754C0A965958260&sec=&pagewanted=print Winterson, Jeanette. 2005. ‘The Bionic Woman’. The  Guardian. Monday, May 23, 2005. Retrieved from http://arts.guardian.co.uk/features/story/0,,1489933,00.html [i] In the Winterson interview, Horn is quoted as explaining that the onset of her illness occurred at age 20, although critic J. Fiona Rahgreb and others have written the age as 24.